Lesson 5
USING THE LIBRARY EFFECTIVELY
Books in school are housed in a place called a library, derived from librarium, a Greek term which means a place for the custody or administration of a collection of reading materials.
KINDS OF READING MATERIALS IN THE LIBRARY
General Collection of books which can be borrowed:
1. Fiction- (Novels, short stories, and drama)- the books are arranged in alphabetical order according to the surname of the author. Some libraries write F on the spine or backbone of fictional books.
2. Non- fiction-(Books of information)- the books are about real things, people, places, and the like.
3. General References
a. Dictionaries
b. Encyclopedias
c. Indexes
d. Yearbooks
e. Almanacs
f. Atlases
g. Gazetters
h. Bibliographies
i. Directories
j. Biographical Dictionaries
4. Periodicals
a. Newspapers
b. Magazines
c. Journals
5. Special Reference Material or non- book materials
a. Pamphlets
b. Government publications
c. Audio visual materials
ARRANGEMENT OF THE BOOKS
The books in the library are arranged to these classification systems: DDC (Dewey Decimal Classification) named after its developer, Melvil Dewey, and the LLC(Library of Congress Classification) used by big libraries. The system adopted by a library is the basis of the call number of a particular book. The Dewey Decimal Classification groups the books into 10 classes, while the Library of Congress classifies them into subgroups or subdivisions. The call number of a book falling under the DDC begins with the Arabic numerals, while that of the LLC begins with big letters plus Arabic numerals.
THE DEWEY DECIMAL CLASSIFICATION
000- 099 – General works, Computer science and Information
100- 199 – Philosophy and psychology
200- 299 – Religion
300- 399 – Social sciences
400- 499 – Language
500- 599 – Science
600- 699 – Technology
700- 799 – Arts & recreation
800- 899 – Literature
900- 999 – History & geography
THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CLASSIFICATION
A -- GENERAL WORKS
B -- PHILOSOPHY. PSYCHOLOGY. RELIGION
C -- AUXILIARY SCIENCES OF HISTORY
D -- WORLD HISTORY AND HISTORY OF EUROPE, ASIA, AFRICA, AUSTRALIA, NEW ZEALAND, ETC.
E -- HISTORY OF THE AMERICAS
F -- HISTORY OF THE AMERICAS
G -- GEOGRAPHY. ANTHROPOLOGY. RECREATION
H -- SOCIAL SCIENCES
J -- POLITICAL SCIENCE
K -- LAW
L -- EDUCATION
M -- MUSIC AND BOOKS ON MUSIC
N -- FINE ARTS
P -- LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE
Q -- SCIENCE
R -- MEDICINE
S -- AGRICULTURE
T -- TECHNOLOGY
U -- MILITARY SCIENCE
V -- NAVAL SCIENCE
Z -- BIBLIOGRAPHY. LIBRARY SCIENCE. INFORMATION RESOURCES (GENERAL)
THE CARD CATALOGUE
The card catalogue contains the records of all books inside the library. For each book, it has the following data:
1. The title of the book
2. Author of the book
3. Subject matter of the book
4. Information about the publication of the book (place, date, and publisher)
5. Call number of the book
6. Number of revisions and editions
7. Number of pages
8. Illustrators
SECTIONS OF THE LIBRARY
1. Circulation Section- this section contains the general collection of books, fiction and non- fiction, which the students can borrow for home.
2. Reserve Section- Kept in this section are books that may be requested by some teachers to be made available for their students but for shorter period of time, because of the limited number of copies per book.
3. Reference Section- Books containing specific facts and information about anything in this world are kept in this section. The following references contain facts and information about the world:
a. Encyclopedia
b. Dictionary
c. Biographical dictionary
d. Yearbook
e. Atlas
f. Almanac
g. Gazetteer
h. Indexes
i. Bibliography
j. Directories
4. Periodical Section- this is where one can see magazines, newspapers, and journals.
5. Audio- Visual Room- this is an optional section of the library where a variety of machines for listening or viewing may be kept.
6. Materials Center- when a student wants to do his class projects and some special activities not needing books, he can go to this area.
7. Multi-media Center- this other part of the library (usually a modern one) houses material reflecting “breakthroughs” in technology and electronics, such as computers and other modern machines. As a multimedia center, it does not only have books and other printed materials but also non- book materials like software and hardware.
USING THE LIBRARY EFFECTIVELY
Books in school are housed in a place called a library, derived from librarium, a Greek term which means a place for the custody or administration of a collection of reading materials.
KINDS OF READING MATERIALS IN THE LIBRARY
General Collection of books which can be borrowed:
1. Fiction- (Novels, short stories, and drama)- the books are arranged in alphabetical order according to the surname of the author. Some libraries write F on the spine or backbone of fictional books.
2. Non- fiction-(Books of information)- the books are about real things, people, places, and the like.
3. General References
a. Dictionaries
b. Encyclopedias
c. Indexes
d. Yearbooks
e. Almanacs
f. Atlases
g. Gazetters
h. Bibliographies
i. Directories
j. Biographical Dictionaries
4. Periodicals
a. Newspapers
b. Magazines
c. Journals
5. Special Reference Material or non- book materials
a. Pamphlets
b. Government publications
c. Audio visual materials
ARRANGEMENT OF THE BOOKS
The books in the library are arranged to these classification systems: DDC (Dewey Decimal Classification) named after its developer, Melvil Dewey, and the LLC(Library of Congress Classification) used by big libraries. The system adopted by a library is the basis of the call number of a particular book. The Dewey Decimal Classification groups the books into 10 classes, while the Library of Congress classifies them into subgroups or subdivisions. The call number of a book falling under the DDC begins with the Arabic numerals, while that of the LLC begins with big letters plus Arabic numerals.
THE DEWEY DECIMAL CLASSIFICATION
000- 099 – General works, Computer science and Information
100- 199 – Philosophy and psychology
200- 299 – Religion
300- 399 – Social sciences
400- 499 – Language
500- 599 – Science
600- 699 – Technology
700- 799 – Arts & recreation
800- 899 – Literature
900- 999 – History & geography
THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CLASSIFICATION
A -- GENERAL WORKS
B -- PHILOSOPHY. PSYCHOLOGY. RELIGION
C -- AUXILIARY SCIENCES OF HISTORY
D -- WORLD HISTORY AND HISTORY OF EUROPE, ASIA, AFRICA, AUSTRALIA, NEW ZEALAND, ETC.
E -- HISTORY OF THE AMERICAS
F -- HISTORY OF THE AMERICAS
G -- GEOGRAPHY. ANTHROPOLOGY. RECREATION
H -- SOCIAL SCIENCES
J -- POLITICAL SCIENCE
K -- LAW
L -- EDUCATION
M -- MUSIC AND BOOKS ON MUSIC
N -- FINE ARTS
P -- LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE
Q -- SCIENCE
R -- MEDICINE
S -- AGRICULTURE
T -- TECHNOLOGY
U -- MILITARY SCIENCE
V -- NAVAL SCIENCE
Z -- BIBLIOGRAPHY. LIBRARY SCIENCE. INFORMATION RESOURCES (GENERAL)
THE CARD CATALOGUE
The card catalogue contains the records of all books inside the library. For each book, it has the following data:
1. The title of the book
2. Author of the book
3. Subject matter of the book
4. Information about the publication of the book (place, date, and publisher)
5. Call number of the book
6. Number of revisions and editions
7. Number of pages
8. Illustrators
SECTIONS OF THE LIBRARY
1. Circulation Section- this section contains the general collection of books, fiction and non- fiction, which the students can borrow for home.
2. Reserve Section- Kept in this section are books that may be requested by some teachers to be made available for their students but for shorter period of time, because of the limited number of copies per book.
3. Reference Section- Books containing specific facts and information about anything in this world are kept in this section. The following references contain facts and information about the world:
a. Encyclopedia
b. Dictionary
c. Biographical dictionary
d. Yearbook
e. Atlas
f. Almanac
g. Gazetteer
h. Indexes
i. Bibliography
j. Directories
4. Periodical Section- this is where one can see magazines, newspapers, and journals.
5. Audio- Visual Room- this is an optional section of the library where a variety of machines for listening or viewing may be kept.
6. Materials Center- when a student wants to do his class projects and some special activities not needing books, he can go to this area.
7. Multi-media Center- this other part of the library (usually a modern one) houses material reflecting “breakthroughs” in technology and electronics, such as computers and other modern machines. As a multimedia center, it does not only have books and other printed materials but also non- book materials like software and hardware.